Read the passage given below, and answer the questions based on your understanding of the passage. (Question Nos. 46-50)
Invention is the creation of an idea that can be translated to practice. It is also the process of bringing new technology into being. Invention is goal directed, the process is orderly, and it is essentially an intellectual process. An inventor is generally not a big reservoir of existing knowledge or of past failures. A substantial part of a scientist’s time is spent in collecting facts. The greater a scientist’s familiarity with the great scientific works, the greater will be his own power of invention. Ingenuity is the younger brother of imagination. Theoretical creation is an intermediate step between invention and discovery. A scientist, who is familiar with a number of methods attached to a problem, is most likely to solve the greatest number of problems.
Invention is the basic ingredient of innovation. Innovation is of two kinds, i.e., in product and service. It is a slow process. Innovations which started several years ago may bear fruit now. Innovation involves the bringing of an invention into commercial use. In some cases, invention and innovation merge into one another. Invention and innovation have been the foundations of industrial development in most advanced countries. Innovation brings about competition and competition brings about efficiency. Of the total innovation process, research is only a part. Research may invent, but invention can only be utilized by the complicated and complex process of innovation. Innovation is more often the result of recognizing and adapting an idea than of invention a new one. Utilization of technical information including research outputs can result in an industrial innovation.
Innovators achieve success, but not imitations. In the past, innovation came from individual scientists. Individual inventors were responsible for innovation. In modern industry it is rarely the case, teams of scientists are really responsible for inventions and innovations. Success in invention and innovation depends not only on originality and imagination but also on knowing what and how to invent and innovate.
46. What is an invention?
(A) It is the idea that has the characteristics of application.
(B) A theoretical idea regardless of application.
(C) A discovery that does not lead to new technology.
(D) A process bereft of use.
Answer: (A)
47. An invention involves
(A) Collection & application of past data.
(B) Simply an effort to explore past knowledge.
(C) Redefining knowledge of the past.
(D) Exploiting past knowledge and newly collected facts.
Answer: (D)
48. Industrial development and competitive environment are possible when
(A) Invention follows innovation
(B) Invention leads to innovation
(C) Invention prevents innovation
(D) Invention has little practical use
Answer: (A)
49. Invention is carried out at present
(A) by an individual researcher with little originality and imagination.
(B) by an individual researcher with high level imagination.
(C) by a group of researchers with adequate originality and imagination.
(D) by industrialists to achieve success in business.
Answer: (D)
50. What is innovation?
(A) Innovation is a theoretical process.
(B) Innovation conceals invention.
(C) Innovation is a process of application of invention.
(D) Innovation provides data for invention.
Answer: (D)
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